Fiji, explained.

A woman holding child standing in the middle of an open country road in Fiji

The real test of inclusion and equity lies in whether essential services reach communities at the literal and figurative end of the road (ADB)

How Fiji’s water pipeline ran out of road

Parts of the country remain without clean reliable water, exposing the gap between national ambition and infrastructure delivery.

Mary Watson-Burton

23 June 20264 min read

Fiji Water is one of the world’s best‑known premium water brands. Bottled in the Yaqara Valley, it sells from Auckland to New York as a symbol of purity and remoteness. Fiji has built a similar image: beauty, warmth, and postcard happiness. The tourism pitch and the water brand reinforce each other. In the global imagination, Fiji is a place where clean water flows, and mostly it does.

However, in reality pockets of Fiji have been waiting for reliable clean water for more than a decade. Not because water isn’t there – Fiji receives extraordinary levels of rainfall, and Taveuni, the Garden Island, receives more than most. But rainfall and water infrastructure are different things, and the gap between them is where the community of Vuna sits.

Earlier this month, Abi Sapra, an entrepreneur and environmentalist from Vuna in southern Taveuni, posted on Facebook (Opens in new window). His family has lived on the island for more than 150 years. “I have lived my entire life in Taveuni,” he wrote, “and one thing that has remained constant is the lack of meaningful development. Many parts of Taveuni are still waiting for basic infrastructure and essential services that should have been delivered years ago.” He had tried the formal channels: letters written, reports submitted, officials met, evidence provided. The situation has not shifted.

Vuna is not an impossible case, but it is an infrastructure challenge. Southern Taveuni sits at the end of the island’s single road, the terrain – a volcanic ridge dropping to a narrow coastal strip – making every project more expensive and complex. A recent Fiji Sun report (Opens in new window) confirmed more than 4,200 residents in the south have been without reliable water for over a decade. The government knows of this situation, and a pipeline from Salialevu to the south has been announced and re-announced for more than 10 years, on the back of previous attempts to deliver a solution.

Cases of Fiji natural artesian water are displayed at a Costco Wholesale store in San Diego, California (Kevin Carter/Getty Images)

In 2014, the Water Authority of Fiji built a $3 million desalination plant at Navaca to address the shortage. Within a year, the government declared it not feasible – diesel-powered, too costly to run. Today it sits unused, a metaphor for development projects that are optimistic but not fully costed or having a contingency plan.

The lesson is not that infrastructure in remote places is impossible. It is that the plan for sustaining it needs to be as comprehensive as the plan to build it, and this applies equally to government agencies and international development organisations working across the Pacific.

Part of what makes these problems persist is that the communities most affected have the least capacity to influence the decisions that shape their lives. Sapra noted that when the Constitutional Review Commission held consultations, many residents in the south didn’t know the meetings were happening until they had already begun. The infrastructure gap and the participation gap compound each other. When communities are not in the room at the design stage, whether that room belongs to government or an NGO, projects are more likely to be built for a community than built with one.

Clean, accessible water is a human right, recognised by the United Nations in 2010 and embedded in Sustainable Development Goal 6, which commits signatories to water and sanitation for all by 2030. Inclusion, in any meaningful sense, begins with delivery of basic human rights. Fiji has demonstrated both its intent and capability to deliver on tough health challenges. In October 2025, the World Health Organisation validated Fiji for eliminating trachoma, the world’s leading infectious cause of blindness, making it the 26th country to reach that milestone. Eliminating trachoma required sustained investment in clean water, hygiene programs, and community-level health education. It is a genuine triumph, and it shows what is possible when investment is sustained, community-grounded, and designed to reach the people who need it most. The question Vuna asks is whether that model extends all the way to their end of the road.

Remoteness cannot become a justification for delay.

Taveuni is a place of extraordinary biodiversity and deep cultural continuity, and development on the island must work with that reality rather than against it. But remoteness cannot become a justification for delay. Vuna is part of Fiji’s national system, and its residents should not still be waiting for services that are standard elsewhere. Five generations of the Sapra family have lived at the southern end of the island, yet reliable clean water has never reached them.

For Fiji, and for development partners across the region, Vuna is a reminder that the real test of inclusion and equity lies in whether essential services reach communities at the literal and figurative end of the road. How Fiji resolves the long‑running water challenges in southern Taveuni will signal not only its capacity to deliver for its own citizens, but also the credibility of broader regional ambitions for equitable, community‑grounded development.

About the author

Mary Watson-Burton

Mary Watson‑Burton is a values and systems‑design specialist who previously led Grants and Partnerships at the Global Centre for Social Justice and Advocacy Leadership, an initiative of Edmund Rice Community Services.

Topics

Fiji Climate & environment Pacific Islands